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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Moral injury ： ウィキペディア英語版 Moral injury The concept of Moral Injury was introduced by Jonathan Shay. It refers to an injury to an individual's moral conscience resulting from an act of moral transgression which produces profound emotional shame. The concept of moral injury emphasizes the psychological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of trauma. Distinct from pathology, moral injury is a normal human response to an abnormal event.〔Rita Nakashima and Gabriella Lettini, Soul Repair: Recovering from Moral Injury After War (Boston: Beacon Press, 2012).〕 The concept is currently used in literature on the mental health of military veterans who have witnessed or perpetrated a morally transgressive act in combat. ==Psychological perspective== Brett Litz and colleagues can be credited for major developments in the psychological perspective on moral injury. They define moral injury as “perpetrating, failing to prevent, bearing witness to, or learning about acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations.”〔 Litz and colleagues focus on the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of moral injury in a preliminary conceptual model. This model posits that cognitive dissonance occurs after a perceived moral transgression resulting in stable internal global attributions of blame, followed by the experience of shame, guilt, or anxiety, causing the individual to withdraw from others.〔 The result is increased risk of suicide due to demoralization, self-harming, and self-handicapping behaviors.〔 Psychological risk factors that make an individual more prone to moral injury includes neuroticism and shame-proneness. Protective factors includes self-esteem, forgiving supports, and belief in the just-world hypothesis.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moral injury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.